New results from the landmark VITAL trial show that daily supplementation with 2,000 IU of vitamin D3 can significantly slow Telomere shortening—a key mechanism of cellular aging.

Telomeres are protective caps of DNA and protein at the ends of chromosomes, acting like plastic tips on shoelaces to prevent damage. With each cell division, telomeres naturally shorten, limiting a cell’s ability to divide and contributing to aging.

Among over 1,000 older adults tracked for four (4) years, those receiving Vitamin D lost 140 fewer DNA base pairs on average than those on placebo, equivalent to about three years of aging. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study measured leukocyte telomere lengths at three time points and found a consistent protective trend in the Vitamin D group.

Vitamin D

Researchers say the findings support a role for targeted Vitamin D supplementation in countering biological aging and possibly reducing long-term risk of chronic disease.

Conclusion
4-years of supplementation with 2000 IU/day Vitamin D3 reduced telomere attrition by 140 bp, suggesting that Vitamin D3 daily supplementation with or without Omega 3 Fatty Acids (n-3 FAs) might have a role in counteracting telomere erosion or cell senescence.

Trial: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 122, Issue 1, July 2025, Pages 39-47

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